Використання сонячних модулів у лабораторному практикумі з фізики

Abstract

Мета статті – обґрунтування та опис методики лабораторних робіт із фізики з використанням сонячних полікристалічних модулів. Використо¬вувались методи: аналіз, співставлення й узагальнення даних, технічне моделявання, спостереження за навчальним процесом. У результаті дослідження встановлено, що з батареюя сонячних модулів можна виконати такі лабораторні досліди: дослідження характеристик холостого хода, отримання вольт-амперної і навантажувальної характеристики; вимірявання струму короткого замикання, максимальної потужності, вивчення послідовного й паралельного з’юднання. Перспективною є розробка методики вивченнѐ фізичних основ роботи інших альтернативних джерел електричної енергії.

Introduction. The purpose of the article is to substantiate and describe the methodology of laboratory work in physics using solar polycrystalline modules. Research methods. The methods of theoretical and experimental research were used. They are analysis, comparison and generalization of data obtained in the process of studying methodological and technical literature, technical modeling, observation of the learning process in physics. Results. As a result of the research it has been established that the following laboratory experiments can be performed with a solar modules battery: studying the idle speed of the solar cell – the dependence studying of the electromotive force of the module ε on the radiation flux density W, which falls on the surface of the module; construction of the dependency graph ε (W); to obtain the solar module voltage-ampere and load characteristics experimentally; to measure short circuit current, idle voltage, maximum power; to construct dependencies graphs P = f (I), U = f (I) at a given radiation flux density; the work study in the series and parallel connection of the solar modules battery, a comparative analysis of the connection methods, the voltage-ampere characteristic construction for the sequential and parallel connection of the modules in a common coordinate system. The practical value of the research is to develop and test methodological recommendations for the solar module batteries manufacture and laboratory experiments. Prospects of further research. In our opinion, the development of a methodology for studying the physical work foundations of other alternative electric energy sources, modern means of accumulation and electricity conversion is perspective. It has been found out that with the battery of solar modules, you can perform the following laboratory experiments: studying the characteristics of idling, receiving the voltage-ampere and load characteristics; measuring current short circuit, maximum power, study of the serial and parallel connection. Making the solar battery and researching its work will help students to familiarize with modern environmental energy technologies. The development of a methodology for studying the physical work foundations of other alternative electric energy sources is promising.